The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.